Antibiotics TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II and process for producing the same

ABSTRACT

Novel antibiotics useful as a remedy for fungal infections and a process for producing antibiotic TKR1912-I or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, which substances have such plysicochemical properties that (1) the mass spectrum thereof according to FAB-MS has a peak of m/z of 559 [M+H] +  ; (2) the molecule bears 26 carbon atoms and no nitrogen atom; (3) the ultraviolet absorption spectrum thereof in methianol shows a terminal absorptions; (4) the main absorption wavenumbers of the infrared absorption spectrum according to the KBr method are 3430, 2920, 2850, 1740, and 1190 cm -1  ; and (5) they are soluble in methanol, chloroform, and water, but are sparingly soluble in hexane.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II, which are antibiotics of use as therapeutic agents for fungal infections diseases, a method for their production, and microorganisms producing said antibiotics.

BACKGROUND ART

Fungi are known to cause a variety of infectious diseases in man, animals, and plants. In man, for instance, they cause superficial mycosis affecting the skin, oral cavity, etc. and systemic mycosis affecting the viscera, brain, etc. They cause similar infections in pet and domestic animals as well. Furthermore, fungi inflict various hazardous effects on plants such as orchard trees and vegetables.

As the principal pathogenic fungi causing systemic mycosis in man, those of the genera Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus, among others, are known. As to superficial mycosis, candidal species affecting the skin, oral cavity, and vagina and trichophytons infecting the skin of the extremities are regarded as the major pathogenic fungi. Besides those fungi, many other fungi exist in the environment and are suspected to contaminate the animal and vegetable kingdoms.

As antimycotics of use for the prevention and treatment of such fungal infections and contaminations, only a very few are known. As therapeutic drugs for systemic mycosis in man and animals, for instance, amphotericin B, flucytosine, miconazole, and fluconazole can be mentioned. However, those compounds are not fully satisfactory in potency, toxic potential, or antifungal spectrum, thus being not impeccable as therapeutic drugs.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention has for its object to provide a novel class of antibiotics which are of value as therapeutic agents for fungal infections.

In their search for a novel antibiotic, the inventors of the present invention isolated a large number of microorganisms from the natural kingdom, isolated the antibiotics they produced, and scrutinized their biological properties. As a result, they discovered that the culture broth of a strain of microorganism of the genus Aureobasidium contained an antibiotic having antifungal activity against pathogenic fungi inclusive of Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Accordingly the inventors isolated this antibiotic and studied its physicochemical properties. As a result, they discovered that the above antibiotic is actually comprised of two novel substances having distinct physicochemical characteristics and named then TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II. The present invention provides the above-mentioned antibiotics TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II and a method for their production.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a chart showing the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-I, in which the ordinate represents wavelength (nm);

FIG. 2 is a chart showing the infrared absorption spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-I, in which the abscissa represents wave number (cm⁻¹);

FIG. 3 is a chart showing the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-II, in which the ordinate represents wavelength (nm);

FIG. 4 is a chart showing the infrared absorption spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-II, in which the abscissa represents wavenumbers (cm⁻¹);

FIG. 5 is a chart showing the ¹ H-NMR spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-I, in which the abscissa represents chemical shift (ppm);

FIG. 6 is a chart showing the ¹³ C-NMR spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-I, in which the abscissa represents chemical shift (ppm);

FIG. 7 is a chart showing the ¹ H-NMR spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-II, in which the abscissa represents chemical shift (ppm);

FIG. 8 is a chart showing the ¹³ C-NMR spectrum of the antifungal substance TKR1912-II, in which the abscissa represents chemical shift (ppm);

FIG. 9 is a HPLC chart of the antifungal substance TKR1912-I showing its elution position, in which the ordinate represents relative UV intensity at 220 nm and the abscissa represents retention time (min.);

FIG. 10 is a HPLC chart of the antifungal substance TKR1912-II showing its elution position, in which the ordinate represents relative UV intensity at 220 nm and the abscissa represents retention time (min.);

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is now described in detail.

The antibiotic TKR1912-I of the invention has the following physicochemical characteristics (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5).

(1) A fast atom bombardment mass spectrum (FAB-MS) with a peak at m/z559 [M+H]⁺ ;

(2) a carbon number of 26 and a nitrogen number of 0;

(3) an ultraviolet absorption spectrum in methanol with the terminal absorptions shown in FIG. 1;

(4) an infrared absorption spectrum according to the KBr method with the dominant absorption wavenumbers of 3430 cm⁻¹, 2920 cm⁻¹, 2850 cm⁻¹, 1740 cm⁻¹, and 1190 cm⁻¹ as shown in FIG. 2; and

(5) soluble in methanol, chloroform, and water and practically insoluble in hexane.

The antibiotic TKR1912-II of the invention has the following physicochemical characteristics (6), (7), (8), (9), and (10).

(6) A FAB-MS with a peak at m/z585 [M+H]⁺.

(7) a carbon number of 28 and a nitrogen number of 0;

(8) an ultraviolet absorption spectrum in methanol with the terminal absorptions shown in FIG. 3;

(9) an infrared absorption spectrum according to the KBr method with the dominant wavenumbers of 3440 cm⁻¹, 2920 cm⁻¹, 2850 cm⁻¹, 1740 cm⁻¹, and 1200 cm⁻¹ as shown in FIG. 4; and

(10) soluble in methanol, chloroform, and water and practically insoluble in hexane.

Furthermore, TKR1912-I mentioned above has the ¹ H-NMR spectrum shown in FIG. 5 and the ¹³ C-NMR spectrum shown in FIG. 6, and is characterized in that, in reversed-phase partition high-performance liquid chromatography, it is eluted in the position indicated in FIG. 9.

On the other hand, TKR1912-II mentioned above has the ¹ H-NMR spectrum shown in FIG. 7 and the ¹³ C-NMR spectrum shown in FIG. 8 and is characterized in that, in reversed-phase partition liquid chromatography, it is eluted in the position indicated in FIG. 10.

The above-mentioned TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II can be produced by growing a strain of microorganism belonging to the genus Aureobasidium and capable of producing said TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II in a culture medium and harvesting the respective substances from the resulting culture broth.

There is no limitation on the strain of microorganism that can be used in the present invention only provided it belongs to the genus Aureobasidium and is capable of producing said TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II. Thus, for example, Aureobasidium sp. TKR1912 strain (hereinafter referred to as the TKR1912 strain) can be mentioned.

The above-mentioned TKR1912 strain is a novel strain not heretofore described in the literature, and isolated and characterized for the first time by the inventors of the present invention. The strain has the property to produce TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II with advantage. The mycological characteristics of this TKR1912 strain are now described in detail.

The colonial colors of said TKR1912 strain on various media are shown in Table 1. The descriptions of colors in the table are based on those prescribed in Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) Z 8102 (1985) and reflect the results of observation on days 4, 7 and 14 of culture at 25° C. after inoculation in the respective media.

                  TABLE 1                                                          ______________________________________                                                Colony                                                                         diameter                                                                              Color                                                            Medium   (mm)     Day 4     Day 7   Day 14                                     ______________________________________                                         Malt     75       Pale      Olive   Olive                                      extract           yellow-red                                                                               5GY4/3  2.5GY4/2                                   agar              5YR9/2                                                       Potato   45       Pale      Peach   Greenish                                   dextrose          yellow-red                                                                               5YR8/3  brown                                      agar              5YR9/2            5Y4/3                                      Sabouraud's                                                                             44       Pale      Pale    Dark yellow                                agar              yellow-red                                                                               yellow  gray                                                         5YR9/2    10YR9/3 5Y3/1                                      YpSs     34       Pale      Yellowish                                                                              Yellowish                                  agar              yellow-red                                                                               7.5YR8/8                                                                               7.5YR8/8                                                     5YR9/2                                                       ______________________________________                                    

The above TKR1912 strain grows luxuriously on malt extract agar, potato dextrose agar, and Sabouraud's agar etc. and its colony is glistening in the center and generally viscous or pasty but may become leathery on aging. The color of the colony is white in an initial phase of culture, then locally turns pale yellow-red to peach- or apricot-color but in due course becomes olive to greenish brown. As days further pass by, the colony color becomes tan to blackish tan. The pigments are insoluble.

The hyphae measure 2 to 3 μm in diameter and are well developed but not forming an aerial mycelium but extending into the substrate agar. Frequently emergent from the tip or side of the hypha are conidia sized 2 to 4×3 to 8 μm in the manner of fingertips, with some of them growing into a ball-like mass. Young vegetative cells are yeast-like, sized 2 to 4×8 to 14 μm, and either ellipsoidal or lemon-shaped, and multiply by polycentric budding. It forms arthrospores sized 4 to 10×8 to 20 μm and chlamydospores measuring 4 to 8×8 to 14 μm. No ascospore is formed.

Among the mycological characteristics of the TKR1912 strain, its physiological characteristics are as follows.

Temperature range for growth: 10° C. to 30° C. The optimum range for growth is around 25° C.

pH range for growth: pH 2 to pH 9. The optimum range is pH 3 to pH 7.

Pigment production: Insoluble melanoid pigments are produced.

Based on the above mycological characteristics, the strain was compared with the species of the genus Aureobasidium as described in W. B. Cooke, Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata, 17, 1 to 43, 1962; J. A. von Arx, The Genera of Fungi Sporulating in Pure Culture, J. Cramer Lehre; and E. J. Hermanides-Nijhoff, Studies in Mycology, No. 15, 141 to 166, CBS. Baarn, 1977), among other literature. As a result, the above TKR1912 strain was identified to be a fungal strain belonging to the genus Aureobasidium.

However, there has been no report on a fungus ever having TKR1912-I or TKR1912-II-producing ability among the hitherto-reported strains of the genus Aureobasidium. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention considered it to be a novel strain and deposited it with the National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology, Department of Trade and Industry (address: 1-3, Tsukuba-shi Higashi 1-chome, Ibaraki, ZIP code 305) under the accession number of FERM BP-5368 (the date of original deposit: Feb. 15, 1995, the date of request for international deposit: Jan. 19, 1996).

The present invention can be carried into practice not only with the above-mentioned TKR1912 strain but also with any spontaneous or artificial mutant of said TKR1912 strain or any other strain of microorganism belonging to the genus Aureobasidium and capable of producing TKR1912-I and/or TKR1912-II.

In accordance with the present invention, TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II are produced by cultivating a TKR1912-I/TKR1912-II-producing strain in a nutrient medium. Nutrients to be used for the medium include various carbon sources such as glucose, fructose, saccharose, starch, dextrin, glycerol, molasses, malt syrup, oils and fats, and organic acids.

Nitrogen sources as nutrients include organic and inorganic nitrogenous substances such as soybean meal, cottonseed meal, corn steep liquor, casein, peptone, yeast extract, meat extract, wheat germs, urea, amino acids, ammonium salts, etc. Salts as nutrients are various inorganic salts such as salts of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc. and salts of phosphoric acid. Those substances can be used independently or in a suitable combination.

Where necessary, the nutrient medium may be supplemented with heavy metal salts such as iron salts, cooper salts, zinc salts, cobalt salts, etc., vitamins such as biotin, vitamin B₁, etc., and other organic and inorganic substances which would assist in growth of the microorganism and promote production of TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II.

In addition to the above components, an antifoamer and/or a surfactant, for example silicone oil, polyalkylene glycol ethers, etc., can be added to the nutrient medium.

In cultivating a strain of microorganism capable of producing TKR1912-I/TKR1912-II in said nutrient medium, a variety of cultural methods which are generally used in the production of antibiotics by means of microorganisms can be employed. However, liquid culture, particularly shake culture or submerged aerobic culture, is preferred.

The cultivation is preferably carried out at 15° C. to 30° C. The pH of the medium may range from pH 2 to pH 8 but is preferably around pH 4. Regarding the incubation time, generally a sufficient output of the antibiotic can be expected by 1 to 6 days of culture.

By the above cultivation, TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II are contained both intracellularly and extracellularly and accumulated in the culture broth. In the present invention, the TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II accumulated in the culture broth can be recovered and isolated from the broth by utilizing their physicochemical characteristics and, where necessary, by further purification.

The above-mentioned recovery can be achieved by extracting the whole broth with a non-hydrophilic organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, chloroform, butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, or the like. As an alternative, it is possible to subject the broth to centrifugation or filtration to separate into the medium and microorganisms and isolate the antibiotics from each of the medium and microorganisms.

The TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II can be separated from the medium not only by the above-mentioned extraction method using a non-hydrophilic organic solvent but also by the method which comprises contacting the medium with an adsorbent to let TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II adsorbed on the adsorbent and desorbing or eluting them with a solvent. The adsorbent that can be used includes, for example, activated carbon, cellulose powder, and adsorbent resins. As the above-mentioned solvent, a variety of solvents can be selectively used according to the kind and properties of the adsorbent and either singly or in combination. Thus, an aqueous solution of one or more water-soluble organic solvents, such as aqueous acetone, aqueous alcohol, etc., can be employed. For separation of TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II from the microorganisms, the extraction technique using a hydrophilic organic solvent such as acetone can be employed.

In the present invention, the crude extract of TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II can be purified by the conventional techniques for the separation purified of hydrophobic antibiotics, e.g. by column chromatography or high-performance liquid chromatography, using a column packed with a stationary phase such as silica gel, activated alumina, activated charcoal, adsorbent resin, etc. The eluent that can be used for silica gel column chromatography includes chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, acetone, water, mixtures thereof, etc.

The stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography includes but is not limited to chemically derivatized silica gel, such as silica gel derivatives having octadecyl, octyl, or phenyl groups, and polystyrenic porous polymer gels, while the mobile phase that can be used includes aqueous solutions of water-soluble organic solvents, such as aqueous methanol, aqueous acetonitrile, etc.

The TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II can each be put to use as such or in the form of a pharmacologically acceptable salt in medicinal applications.

There is no particular limitation on the type of pharmacologically acceptable salt. Thus, the salt includes salts of mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrobromic acid, etc., salts of organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acidi, citric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, etc., and salts of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, etc.

To administer the TKR1912-I or TKR1912-II or their pharmacologically acceptable salts, as a drug, they can be administered either as such or in the form of a pharmaceutical composition containing typically 0.1 to 99.5%, preferably 0.5 to 90% thereof in a pharmaceutically acceptable, non toxic and inert carrier to animals inclusive of humans.

The carrier mentioned above includes solid, semisolid or liquid diluents, fillers, other formulation auxiliaries, etc. and such carriers can be used alone or in combination.

The above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition is preferably administered in unit dosage forms and can be administered orally, parenterally, topically (e.g. transdermally) or rectally. Of course, those pharmaceutical compositions should be administered in dosage forms suited for the respective route of administration.

For administration of TKR1912-I or TKR1912-II, or their pharmacologically acceptable salts, as a drug, the dose as an antifungal agent is preferably selected with reference to patient factors such as age and body weight, route of administration, nature and severity of disease, etc. Usually in man, however, the daily dose of the active ingredient for an adult patient is 10 to 2000 mg. While a daily dose lower than the above range may be sufficient in some cases, a dose higher than the range may be required in other cases. When a high dose is used, the daily dosage is preferably administered in several divided doses.

The oral administration can be made using solid, powdery, or liquid dosage forms such as bulc powders, powders, tablets, dragees, capsules, drops, subligual tablets, etc.

For the parenteral administration, liquid unit dosage forms for subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous administration, typically solutions and suspensions, can be employed. These preparations can be manufactured by suspending or dissolving a predetermined amount of TKR1912-I or TKR1912-II, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in a non toxic liquid carrier suitable for injection, such as an aqueous medium or an oily medium, and sterilizing the resulting suspension or solution.

The topical administration (e.g. transdermal administration) can be carried out using a variety of topical dosage forms such as liquids, creams, powders, pastes, gels, and ointments. These dosage forms can be manufactured by using a predetermined amount of TKR1912-I or TKR1912-II, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, in combination with one or more of the perfume, coloring agent, filler, surfactant, humectant, emollient, gelatinizer, carrier, preservative, stabilizer, etc., suitable for topical dosage formulations.

The rectal administration can be made using, for example, suppositories each mixing a predetermined amount of TKR1912-I or TKR1912-II, or their pharmacologically acceptable salts, with a low-melting solid base such as higher esters, e.g. myristyl palmitate, polyethylene glycol, cacao butter, or a mixture of them.

BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention, but by no means limitative of the scope of the invention.

EXAMPLE 1

A loopful of TKR1912 strain (FERM P-14759) from a slant culture was used to inoculate into a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 ml of liquid medium (Difco potato dextrose broth, 2.4% (w/v)) and incubated on a shaker at 25° C. for 3 days to prepare a seed culture. This seed culture 1.0 ml was transferred to 24 Erlenmeyer flasks of 500 ml capacity each containing 125 ml of the same liquid medium as above and incubated (under shaking at 220 rpm) at 25° C. for 8 days. The obtained culture broth was centrifuged and the supernatant was separated from the microorganisms. The supernatant was adjusted to pH 2 and adsorbed on a column (2 L) of Diaion HP40 (Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation) equilibrated with water. After the column was rinsed with water, elution was carried out with 5 L of methanol to recover an active fraction. This fraction was concentrated under reduced pressure to recover 2.24 g of a residue.

The residue thus obtained was dissolved in 600 ml of water and the solution was adjusted to pHl 8.7 and extracted twice with 600 ml of ethyl acetate each. The ethyl acetate layer thus obtained was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to recover 1.0 g of a residue. This residue was dissolved in 50 ml of methanol and subjected to preparative high-performance liquid chromatography to provide two active fractions. The high-performance liquid chromatography was carried out under the following conditions.

Apparatus: Delta Prep 4000 System (Waters)

Column: Soken Pack (8.0 cm×50 cm) (Soken Kagaku)

Mobile phase: 80 to 100% (v/v) acetonitrile/water

The above fractions were respectively concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 32 mg of crude TKR1912-I and 172 mg of pure TKR1912-II as white powders. The crude TKR1912-I was further subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography to isolate an active fraction. This fraction was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 13 mg of pure TKR-1912-I as white powders. This second high-performance liquid chromatography was carried out under the following conditions.

Apparatus: LC-8A (Shimadzu)

Column: YMC Pack (2.0 cm×25 cm) (YMC)

Mobile phase: 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid-containing 70% (v/v) acetonitrile/water

Physicochemical Properties

To confirm that the white powders obtained as above were TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II, respectively, the respective powders were physicochemically analyzed for characterization by mass spectrometry using JMS-DX302 mass spectrometer (Jeol Ltd.), ¹ H-NMR (in deuterated methanol with tetramethylsilane as reference) and ¹³ C-NMR (with deuterated methanol as reference) using JNM-A500 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (Jeol Ltd.), ultraviolet spectrophotometry (ca 30 μg/ml solution in MeOH) using UV-250 self-recording spectrophotometer (Shimadzu), and infrared absorption spectrometry (KBr method) using 270-30 infrared spectrophotometer (Hitachi).

(1) Mass spectrometry

The purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in said second high-performance liquid chromatography was found by FAB-MS to be a substance with a peak at m/z=559 [M+H]⁺.

The purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in said first high-performance liquid chromatography was found by FAB-MS to be a substance with a peak at m/z=585 [M+H]⁺.

(2) Carbon number and nitrogen number

The ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR determinations and analyses showed that the purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the second high-performance liquid chromatography had a carbon number of 26 and a nitrogen number of 0.

The ¹ H-NMR spectrum and ¹³ C-NMR spectrum of this product are presented in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, respectively.

The ¹ H-NMR and ¹³ C-NMR determinations and analyses of the purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the first high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that it had a carbon number of 28 and a nitrogen number of 0.

The ¹ H-NMR spectrum and ¹³ C-NMR spectrum of this product are presented in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, respectively.

(3) Ultraviolet absorption spectra

The UV spectrophotometric characterization in methanol of the purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the second high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the terminal absorption as shown in FIG. 1.

The UV spectrophotometric characterization in methanol of the purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the first high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the terminal absorption as shown in FIG. 3.

(4) Infrared absorption spectra

The IR spectrophotometric (KBr method) characterization of the purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the second high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the following dominant absorption wavenumbers as shown in FIG. 2.

IR (KBr) (cm⁻¹): 3430, 2920, 2850, 1740, 1190.

The IR spectrophotometric (KBr method) characterization of the purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the first high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the following dominant absorption wavenumbers as shown in FIG. 4.

IR (KBr) (cm⁻¹): 3440, 2920, 2850, 1740, 1200.

Both of the above powders were soluble in methanol, chloroform, and water but practically insoluble in hexane.

Based on the above analyses, the purified white powdery product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the second high-performance liquid chromatography was identified to be TKR1912-I and the purified white powder product available upon vacuum concentration of the active fraction in the first high-performance liquid chromatography was identified to be TKRZ1912-II.

The above TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II were analyzed by reversed-phase partition high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using LC-10A high-performance liquid chromatography (Shimadzu). This HPLC analysis was carried out under the following conditions.

Column: CAPCELLPAK C₁₈ (6 mm×150 mm) (Shiseido)

Mobile phase: 0.05% trifluoroacelic acid-containing 70% (v/v) acetonitrile/water

Column temperature: 40° C.

Detection UV wavelength: 220 nm

As a result, the above TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II were eluted in the positions indicated in FIGS. 9 and 10, respectively.

Biological characteristics

The antifungal spectra of the above TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II against various microorganisms were determined. Using the liquid medium dilution method, the concentration causing a substantially complete inhibition of fungal growth was determined as minimal inhibitory concentration (μg/ml). The results are presented in Table 2. Moreover, the minimal concentration (μg/ml) causing partial growth inhibition was determined and the results are presented in parentheses in Table 2. In the table, YNBG stands for YNBG medium comprising 0.67% of yeast nitrogen base (Difco) and 1.0% of glucose and BHI stands for BHI medium comprising brain-heart infusion bouillon (Nissui Pharmaceutical).

                  TABLE 2                                                          ______________________________________                                                          Minimal inhibitory                                                             concentration(μg/ml)                                       Test strain   Medium   TKR1912-I  TKR1912-II                                   ______________________________________                                         Candida albicans                                                                             YNBG     3.13       3.13                                         TIMM0136               (1.56)     (0.78)                                       Candida kefyr YNBG     12.5       3.13                                         TIMM0301               (6.25)     (1.56)                                       Cryptococcus neoformans                                                                      YNBG     6.25       >100                                         TIMM0354                          (6.25)                                       Aspergillus fumigatus                                                                        BHI      >100       >100                                         TIMM1776               (100)      (25)                                         ______________________________________                                    

It is apparent from Table 2 that TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II, the antifungal substances according to the present invention, are active against pathogenic fungi such as Candida albicans, Candida kefyr, Cryptococcus neoformans, etc.

Intraperitoneal administration of the TKR1912-I or TKR1912-II obtained above in a dose of 50 mg/kg to ICR mice caused no toxic signs in the animals.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

As described above, the present invention provides the antifungal substances TKR1912-I and TKR1912-II which are of use in clinical medicine, for example in the therapy of fungal infections diseases, and a method for production of the substances. 

What is claimed is:
 1. TKR1912-I, an antibiotic having the following physicochemical properties (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof;(1) a fast atom bombardment mass spectrum (FAB-MS) with a peak at m/z559 (M+H)⁺ ; (2) a carbon number of 26 and a nitrogen number of 0; (3) an ultraviolet absorption spectrum in methanol with terminal absorptions as defined in FIG. 1; (4) an infrared absorption spectrum according to the KBr method with the dominant absorption wavenumbers of 3430 cm⁻¹, 2920 cm⁻¹, 2850 cm⁻¹, 1740 cm⁻¹ and 1190 cm⁻¹ as defined in FIG. 2; and (5) soluble in methanol, chloroform and water and practically insoluble in hexane; and obtained by cultivating the Aureobasidium FERM BP-5368 or a spontaneous or artificial mutant of Aureobasidium FERM BP-5368, recovering and isolating the objective antibiotic from the resulting culture broth; wherein the cultivating is carried out at 10° C. to 30° C. in a nutrient medium at a pH of 2 to 9 containing at least one carbon source, at least one nitrogen source and at least one inorganic salt until sufficient antibiotic activity is imparted to said medium; and the recovering and isolating is carried out by extracting with a non-hydrophilic organic solvent or absorbing an antibiotic on an absorbent and desorbing or eluting with a solvent, and after the recovering and isolating, purification by column chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography is carried out.
 2. TKR1912-II, an antibiotic having the following physicochemical properties (6), (7), (8), (9) and (10), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof;(6) a fast atom bombardment mass spectrum (FAB-MS) with a, peak at m/z585 (M+H)⁺ ; (7) a carbon number of 28 and a nitrogen number of 0; (8) an ultraviolet absorption spectrum in methanol with terminal absorptions as defined in FIG. 3; (9) an infrared absorption spectrum according to the KBr method with the dominant absorption wavenumbers of 3440 cm⁻¹, 2920 cm⁻¹, 2850 cm⁻¹, 1740 cm⁻¹ and 1200 cm⁻¹ as defined in FIG. 4, and (10) soluble in methanol, chloroform and water and practically insoluble in hexane; and obtained by cultivating the Aureobasidium FERM BP-5368 or a spontaneous or artificial mutant of Aureobasidium FERM BP-5368, recovering and isolating the objective antibiotic from the resulting culture broth; wherein the cultivating is carried out at 10° C. to 30° C. in a nutrient medium at a pH of 2 to 9 containing at least one carbon source, at least one nitrogen source and at least one inorganic salt until sufficient antibiotic activity is imparted to said medium, and the recovering and isolating is carried out by extracting with a non-hydrophilic organic solvent or absorbing an antibiotic on an absorbent and desorbing or eluting with a solvent, and after the recovering and isolating, purification by column chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography is carried out.
 3. A method for producing either the antibiotic TKR1912-I as defined in claim 1 or the antibiotic TKR1912-II as defined in claim 2 or both which comprises cultivating the Aureobasidium FERM BP-5368 or a spontaneous or artificial mutant of Aureobasidium FERM BP-5368, recovering and isolating the objective antibiotic or antibiotics from the resulting culture broth,wherein the cultivating is carried out at 10° C. to 30° C. in a nutrient medium at a pH of 2 to 9 containing at least one carbon source, at least one nitrogen source and at least one inorganic salt until sufficient antibiotic activity is imparted to said medium, and the recovering and isolating is carried out by extracting with a non-hydrophilic organic solvent or absorbing an antibiotic on an absorbent and desorbing or eluting with a solvent, and after the recovering and isolating, purification by column chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography is carried out.
 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the strain of microorganism is Aureobasidium FERN-BP-5368.
 5. The method of claim 3 wherein the carbon source is at least one member selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, saccharose, starch, dextrin, glycerol, molasses, malt syrup, oils, fats, and organic acids; and the nitrogen source is at least one member selected from the group consisting of soybean meal, cottonseed meal, corn steep liquor, casein, peptone, yeast extract, meat extract, wheat germs, urea, amino acids and ammonium salts.
 6. The method of claim 7 wherein the salt is at least one salt of a member selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium.
 7. The method of claim 3 wherein the salt comprises a salt of phosphoric acid.
 8. The method of claim 3 wherein the nutrient medium further contains at least one heavy metal salt or vitamin.
 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the heavy metal salt is at least one salt selected from the group consisting of iron salt, copper salt, zinc salt and cobalt salt; the vitamin is at least one of biotin or vitamin B₁.
 10. The process of claim 3 wherein the pH is about
 4. 11. The process of claim 3 wherein the non-hydrophilic organic solvent is at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, chloroform, butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone.
 12. The process of claim 3 wherein the absorbent is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, cellulose powder and adsorbent resins and the solvent is an aqueous solution of at least one water-soluble organic solvent. 